ARTICLE

THE EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS ON ENGLISH SPEAKING PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS ENROLLED IN POSTGRADUATE ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING PROGRAMS IN PAKISTAN

  1. HOME
  2. ARTICLE

11 Pages : 101-114

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).11      10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).11      Published : Jun 2020

The Effect of Psychological Factors on English Speaking Performance of Students Enrolled in Postgraduate English Language Teaching Programs in Pakistan

Abstract

    This research attempted to identify the psychological factors that affect the speaking performance of students enrolled in Postgraduate English Language Teaching programs in Pakistan. A quantitative approach was used to address the main aim of this study. The participants of the research were 100 postgraduate students enrolled in English Language Teaching (ELT) and Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) programs of public sector higher education institutions and universities in Pakistan. The findings revealed that many students in this study reported finding it difficult to speak in English in foreign language classrooms due to psychological factors like lack of selfconfidence, lack of self-esteem, fear of making mistakes, shyness, anxiety and motivation mainly. The findings also revealed that almost all the psychological factors are interlinked with each other and have a direct effect on the speaking performance of the students in this study.

    Psychological Factors, Oral Performance, Speaking Problems, ELT and TESOL, Pakistan

    (1) Habiba Qureshi
    MS Student, Department of TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Fareeha Javed
    Head of TESOL Department, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Sana Baig
    Lecturer, Department of TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Fulltext PDF

References

  • Abda, K. (2017). Assessing the Factors that Affect Teaching Speaking Skills: The Case of Robe Teachers' College, English Department Second Year Students. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Studies (IJHSSS), 3(5). 285-299. Scholar Publications
  • Akram, M., & Nosheen, S. S. (2013). A Study to Analyze the Problems of Post Graduate Students in Speaking English Language at the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Proceeding of the Global Summit on Education (GSE2013).
  • Alam, M. (2012). Assessment of Oral Skills Development Among the Students of Master in Education in the Public Sector Universities of Punjab. University of Sargodha.
  • Al-Hebaish, S. M. (2012). The Correlation between General Self-Confidence and Academic Achievement in the Oral Presentation Course. Theory & Practice in Language Studies. 2(1).
  • American Psychological Association (2015). Anxiety: http://www.apa.org/topics/anxiety/
  • Aouatef, B. (2015). An International Peer-reviewed Journal. The Main Psychological Factors Affecting Learners' Oral Performance. Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics. 12. ISSN 2422-8435 www.iiste.org
  • Ariyanti, A. (2016). Psychological Factors Affecting EFL Students' Speaking Performance. Asian TEFL, 1(1).
  • Ayub, S., &Lodhi, M. A. (2016). Asoociation of the Psychological Factors Hampering Oral Skill of ESL Students at Graduate Level, at Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Research Journal of Education, 2(4), 57-63.
  • Azher, M., Anwar, M. N., & Naz, A. (2010). An Investigation of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety and its Relationship with Students' Achievement. Journal of College Teaching & Learning (TLC), 7(11).
  • Baig, S. (2014, January). Multimediality as a gadget in Language Teaching or Teaching Paradigm Shift. In International Conference on Education and e-Learning (EeL). Proceedings (p. 138). Global Science and Technology Forum
  • Bashir, M., Azeem, M., & Dogar, A. H. (2011). Factors Affecting Students' Speaking Skills. British Journal of Arts and Social Sciences. 2(1), 34-50.
  • Bilal, H. A., Rehman, A., Rashid, A., Adnan, R., & Abbas, M. (2013). Problems in Speaking English with L2 Learners of Rural Areas School of Pakistan. Language in India, 13(10), 1220-1235.
  • Bourezzane, N. (2014). Some Psychological Factors that Hinder Students' Participation in Learner-Centered EFL Oral Classroom Activites. Case Study: First Year LMD Students of English. Mohamed Khider University of Biskra. http://spsace.univbiskra.dz:8080/jspui/bitstream/1234567 89/5833/1/Nadia
  • Braine, G. (2012). Non-Native Speaker English Teachers. The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics, 1-5.
  • Brown, H. D. (2001). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy (2nd ed.). San Fransisco: Addison Wesley Longman Inc.
  • Brown, H. D. (2007). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching (5th ed.). San Fransisco: Pearson Education Inc.
  • Cammarata, L. (2010). Foreign Language Teachers' Struggle to Learn Content-Based Instruction. L2 Journal, 2(1).
  • Coleman, H. (2010). Teaching and Learning in Pakistan: The Role of Language in Education. Islamabad: The British Council, 148-157.
  • Dornyei, Z., and Ushioda, E. (Eds.). (2009). Motivation, Language Identity and the L2 self. 36. Multilingual Matters.
  • Fallah, N. (2014). Willingness to communicate in English, Communication Self-Confidence, Motivation, Shyness and Teacher immediacy among Iranian English major Undergraduates: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Learning and Individual Differences. 30, 140-147.
  • Fauzan, U. (2016). Enhancing Speaking Ability of EFL Students through Debate and Peer Assessment. EFL Journal. 1(1).
  • Gebhard, G.J. (2000). Teaching English as a Foreign or Second Language. USA: The University of Michigian Press.
  • Gopang, B. I., Bughio, F. A., & Pathan, H. (2018). Investigating foreign language learning anxiety among students learning English in a public sector university, Pakistan. MOJES: Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 3(4), 27-37.
  • Haidara, Y. (2014). Psychological Factors Affecting English Speaking Performance for the English Learners in Indonesia. Proceeding International Conference on Educational Research and Evaluation (ICERE). University of Bamako, Mali
  • Harmer, J. (2007). How to Teach English. ELT Journal, 62(3), 313-316. China: Pearson Education Limited
  • Hashemi, M. (2011). Language Stress and Anxiety among the English Language Learners. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 1811-1816.
  • Horwitz, M. B. (1991). Language Anxiety: Theory and Research to Classroom Implications. 27-39. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall
  • Ingram, D. E., & Sasaki, M. (2003). The Importance of Communication in English in a Globalized World and in the Field of Medicine. doi=10.1.1.526.3498
  • Juhana, J. (2012). Psychological Factors that Hinder Students from Speaking in English: A Case Study in a Senior High School in South Tnagerang, Banten, Indonesia. Journal of Education and Practice, 3(12), 123-126.
  • Khushi, Q., & Talaat, M. (2011). Evaluation of the English Language Teaching (ELT) Textbooks Taught at the Pakistan Military Academy, Kakul. Language in India, 11(8).
  • Liu, H. J. (2010). The Relation of Academic Self-Concept to Motivation among University EFL Students. Feng Chia Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 20, 207-225.
  • Liu, M., & Huang, W. (2011). An Exploration of Foreign Language Anxiety and English Learning Motivation. Education Research International
  • Madonna, Jr. S., & Philpot, V. D. (2013). Motivation and Learning Strategies, and Academic and Student Satisfaction in Predicting Self-Efficacy in College Seniors. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 14(3), 163-168.
  • McKay, P. (2008). Assessing Young Language Learners. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Moosa, M. M. B. S., Ajmal, M., & Rahman, F. (2011). Effects of Shyness on the Self-Esteem of 9th Grade Female Students. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(12).
  • Mruk, C. J. (2006). Changing Self-Esteem: Research and Practice. Self-Esteem Issues and Answers: A Sourcebook of Current Perspectives, 164-169. New York: Psychology Press
  • Nakhalah, A. M. M. A. (2016). Problems and Difficulties of Speaking that Encounter English Language Students at Al Quds Open University. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 5(12), 96-101.
  • Nunan, D. (1999). Second Language Teaching & Learning. USA. Heinle & Heinle Publisher.
  • Ohata, K. (2005). Language Anxiety from the Teachers' Perspective: Interviews with Seven Experienced ESL/EFL Teachers. Journal of Language and Learning, 3(1), 113-135
  • Park, H., & Lee, A.R. (2005). Learners Researchgate.net/publications/267834138
  • Pinter, A. (2006). Teaching Young Learners. Oxford: Oxford University Press
  • Rahman, T. (2006). Language Policy Multilingualism and Language Vitality in Pakistan. Lesser-Known Languages of South Asia: Status and Policies, Case Studies, and Applications of Information Technology, 73-104.
  • Richard, J. C. (2008). Teaching listening and speaking: From theory to practice. Cambridge: Cambridge Press University
  • Rubio, F. D. (2014). Self-Esteem and Self-Concept in Foreign Language Learning. Multiple Perspective on the Self in SLA, 4158.
  • Sato, K. (2003). Improving our Students' Speaking Skills: Using Selective Error Correction and Group Work to Reduce Anxiety and Encourage Real Communication. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED475518.pdf
  • Sato, K. (2003). Improving Our Students Speaking Skills: Using Selective Error Correction and Group Work to Reduce Anxiety and Encourage Real Communication. Japan: Akita
  • Schwartz, R.L. (2005). Taking a Closer Look at Struggling ESOL Learners. The Annual Review of Adult Learning and Literacy, 8(1). http://www.ncsall.net/index.php@id=994.html
  • Spielberger, C. D. (1983). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). PaloAlto, CA: Consulting Psychology Press
  • Tanveer, M. (2007). Investigation of the Factors that Cause Language Anxiety for ESL/EFL Learners in Speaking Skills and the Influence it Casts on Communication in the Target Language. The Asian EFL Journal. 254-259. ISSN: 17384-1460
  • Thornbury, S. (2005). How to Teach Speaking. 148-159. Pearson Education Limited. Harlow, United Kingdom. ISBN13: 98058285351
  • Tiono, N. I., & Sylvia, A. (2004). The Types of Communication strategies used by Speaking Class Students with Different Communication Apprehension Levels in English Department of Petra Christian University, Surabaya. A Biannual Publication on the Study of Language and Literature. 6(1), 30-46. ISSN: 1411- 2639
  • Wong, M. S. L. (2009). Language Anxiety and Motivation to Learn English: A Glimpse into the Form 4 Classroom. International Conference on Languages. Pulau Pinang. Malaysia.
  • Yi Htwe, Y. (2007). Shyness Main Obstacle to Learning English. http://www.mmtimes.com/no371/no10.htm
  • Zua, L. (2008). Exploring the affective factors influencing teaching of spoken English. https://doi.org/10.1177/20080104664312897

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Qureshi, H., Javed, F., & Baig, S. (2020). The Effect of Psychological Factors on English Speaking Performance of Students Enrolled in Postgraduate English Language Teaching Programs in Pakistan. Global Language Review, V(II), 101-114. https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).11

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Qureshi, Habiba, Fareeha Javed, and Sana Baig. 2020. "The Effect of Psychological Factors on English Speaking Performance of Students Enrolled in Postgraduate English Language Teaching Programs in Pakistan." Global Language Review, V (II): 101-114 doi: 10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).11

HARVARD

    HARVARD : QURESHI, H., JAVED, F. & BAIG, S. 2020. The Effect of Psychological Factors on English Speaking Performance of Students Enrolled in Postgraduate English Language Teaching Programs in Pakistan. Global Language Review, V, 101-114.

MHRA

    MHRA : Qureshi, Habiba, Fareeha Javed, and Sana Baig. 2020. "The Effect of Psychological Factors on English Speaking Performance of Students Enrolled in Postgraduate English Language Teaching Programs in Pakistan." Global Language Review, V: 101-114

MLA

    MLA : Qureshi, Habiba, Fareeha Javed, and Sana Baig. "The Effect of Psychological Factors on English Speaking Performance of Students Enrolled in Postgraduate English Language Teaching Programs in Pakistan." Global Language Review, V.II (2020): 101-114 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Qureshi, Habiba, Javed, Fareeha, and Baig, Sana (2020), "The Effect of Psychological Factors on English Speaking Performance of Students Enrolled in Postgraduate English Language Teaching Programs in Pakistan", Global Language Review, V (II), 101-114

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Qureshi, Habiba, Fareeha Javed, and Sana Baig. "The Effect of Psychological Factors on English Speaking Performance of Students Enrolled in Postgraduate English Language Teaching Programs in Pakistan." Global Language Review V, no. II (2020): 101-114. https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(V-II).11