ON BEING UGLY AN ANALYSIS OF ARUNDHATI ROYS BEAUTY NORMS IN THE MINISTRY OF UTMOST HAPPINESS

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).01      10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).01      Published : Mar 1
Authored by : Noreen Zainab , Aisha Jadoon , Amna Saeed

01 Pages : 1-16

References

  • Benjamin, H. (1954). Transsexualism and Transvestism as Psycho-Somatic and Somato-Psychic Syndromes. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 8, 219- 230.
  • Blight, J. (2000). Transgender inmates. In A. Graycar (Ed.), Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology
  • Brooks, J.M. (1998). Transsexuals in Prison, Twenty; The Official Newsletter of The Twenty (XX). Club Inc. Retrieved from www.twentyclub. org/novdec98.html
  • Cromwell, J. (1999). Transmen and FTMs: Identities, Bodies, Genders and Sexualities .Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press.
  • Ekins, R. & King, D. (1996). Blending Genders: Social Aspects of Cross-Dressing and Sex-Changing. London, UK: Routledge.
  • Elert, K. (1979). Portraits of Women in Selected Novels of Virginia Woolf and E. M. Forster. University of UMEA: Umensis.
  • Freund, K., Steiner, B. W., & Chan, S. (1982). Two types of cross gender identity. Archives of sexual Behavior, II, 46-63.
  • Gazzola, S. B., & Morrison, M. A. (2005). Cultural and Personally Endorsed Stereotypes of Transgender Men and Transgender Women: Notable Correspondence or Disjunction. International Journal of Transgenderism, ISSN: 1553-2739, 15, 76-99.
  • Goldman, A., & Waymer, D. (2014). Identifying Ugliness, Defining Beauty: A Focus Group Analysis of and Reaction to Ugly Betty. The Qualitative Report, 19(10), 1-19.
  • Green, J. (2000)
  • Halberstam, J. (2005). In a Queer Time and Place: Transgender Bodies, Subcultural Lives. New York & London: New York University Press.
  • Herman, J., & Vervaeck, B. (2005). Handbook of Narrative Analysis. New York, NY: University of Nebraska Press.
  • Hill, D. B. (2002). Genderism, transphobia, and gender bashing: A framework for interpreting anti-transgender violence. In B. Wallace Sc R. Carter (Eds.), Understanding and dealing with violence: A multicultural approach (pp. 113-136). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Hill, D. B. (2005). Coming to terms: Using technology to know identity. Sexuality and Culture, 9(3), 24-52.
  • Hines, S. (2007). Trans Forming Gender Transgender practices of identity, intimacy and care. UK: The Policy press.
  • Hines, S., & Sanger, T. (2010). Transgender Identities: Towards a Social Analysis of gender Diversity, Routledge: London & New York.
  • Kellner, D. (1995). Cultural Studies, Multiculturalism and Media Culture, in Gail Dines & Jean M. Humez (Eds.), Gender, Race and Class in Media, Sage Publications: London
  • Kenagy, G. P. (2005). Transgender health: Findings from two needs assessment studies in Philadelphia. Health and Social Work, 30, 19-26.
  • Kessler, S. J., Sc McKenna, W. (2006). Toward a theory of gender. In S. Stryker Sc S. Whittle (Eds.), The transgender studies reader (pp. 165-182). New York: Routledge.
  • Kyo, C. (2012). The Search for The Beautiful Woman: Cultural History of Japanese and Chinese Beauty, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers: United Kingdom.
  • Lev, A. I. (2004). Transgender emergence: Therapeutic guidelines for working with gender-variant people and their families. New York: Haworth Clinical Practice Press.
  • Lombardi, E. L., Wilchins, R. A., Priesing, D., Sc Malouf, D. (2001). Gender violence: Transgender experiences with violence and discrimination. Journal of Homosexuality, 42(1), 89-101.
  • Lorand, R. (2000), Aesthetic Order: A Philosophy of order, Beauty and Art, London & New York: Routledge.Meyerowitz, Joanne.
  • Lawrence, E M. (1999). Punishing hate: Bias crimes under American law. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Moran, L. J., Sc Sharpe, A. N. (2001). Policing the transgender/violence relation. Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 13(3), 269-285.
  • Moran, L. J., Sc Sharpe, A. N. (2004). Violence, identity, and policing: The case of violence against transgender people. Criminal Justice, 4(2), 395-417.
  • Nelson, E., Sc Krieger, S. (1997). Changes in attitudes toward homosexuality in college students: Implementation of a gay men and lesbian peer panel. Journal of Homosexuality, 33(2), 63-81.
  • Roy, A. (2017). The Ministry of Utmost Happiness, Penguin Random House Publishers: UK.
  • Rickman, J. (2003),
  • Saluja, N., & Karan. K. (2016). Portrayal of Body Image through Media and Its Implications, Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, 2(10): 859- 865.
  • Sheridan, V. (2009). The Complete Guide to Transgender in the workplace, Bcoclio Press: Santa Barbara, Oxford, England.
  • Stryker, S., & Whittle, S. (2006). The Transgender Studies Reader, Taylor and Francis Group, Routledge: New York & London
  • Whittle, S. (2002). Respect and Equality: Transsexual and Transgender Rights, Cavendish Publishing Limited, The Glass House: London, United Kingdom.
  • Benjamin, H. (1954). Transsexualism and Transvestism as Psycho-Somatic and Somato-Psychic Syndromes. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 8, 219- 230.
  • Blight, J. (2000). Transgender inmates. In A. Graycar (Ed.), Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology
  • Brooks, J.M. (1998). Transsexuals in Prison, Twenty; The Official Newsletter of The Twenty (XX). Club Inc. Retrieved from www.twentyclub. org/novdec98.html
  • Cromwell, J. (1999). Transmen and FTMs: Identities, Bodies, Genders and Sexualities .Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press.
  • Ekins, R. & King, D. (1996). Blending Genders: Social Aspects of Cross-Dressing and Sex-Changing. London, UK: Routledge.
  • Elert, K. (1979). Portraits of Women in Selected Novels of Virginia Woolf and E. M. Forster. University of UMEA: Umensis.
  • Freund, K., Steiner, B. W., & Chan, S. (1982). Two types of cross gender identity. Archives of sexual Behavior, II, 46-63.
  • Gazzola, S. B., & Morrison, M. A. (2005). Cultural and Personally Endorsed Stereotypes of Transgender Men and Transgender Women: Notable Correspondence or Disjunction. International Journal of Transgenderism, ISSN: 1553-2739, 15, 76-99.
  • Goldman, A., & Waymer, D. (2014). Identifying Ugliness, Defining Beauty: A Focus Group Analysis of and Reaction to Ugly Betty. The Qualitative Report, 19(10), 1-19.
  • Green, J. (2000)
  • Halberstam, J. (2005). In a Queer Time and Place: Transgender Bodies, Subcultural Lives. New York & London: New York University Press.
  • Herman, J., & Vervaeck, B. (2005). Handbook of Narrative Analysis. New York, NY: University of Nebraska Press.
  • Hill, D. B. (2002). Genderism, transphobia, and gender bashing: A framework for interpreting anti-transgender violence. In B. Wallace Sc R. Carter (Eds.), Understanding and dealing with violence: A multicultural approach (pp. 113-136). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Hill, D. B. (2005). Coming to terms: Using technology to know identity. Sexuality and Culture, 9(3), 24-52.
  • Hines, S. (2007). Trans Forming Gender Transgender practices of identity, intimacy and care. UK: The Policy press.
  • Hines, S., & Sanger, T. (2010). Transgender Identities: Towards a Social Analysis of gender Diversity, Routledge: London & New York.
  • Kellner, D. (1995). Cultural Studies, Multiculturalism and Media Culture, in Gail Dines & Jean M. Humez (Eds.), Gender, Race and Class in Media, Sage Publications: London
  • Kenagy, G. P. (2005). Transgender health: Findings from two needs assessment studies in Philadelphia. Health and Social Work, 30, 19-26.
  • Kessler, S. J., Sc McKenna, W. (2006). Toward a theory of gender. In S. Stryker Sc S. Whittle (Eds.), The transgender studies reader (pp. 165-182). New York: Routledge.
  • Kyo, C. (2012). The Search for The Beautiful Woman: Cultural History of Japanese and Chinese Beauty, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers: United Kingdom.
  • Lev, A. I. (2004). Transgender emergence: Therapeutic guidelines for working with gender-variant people and their families. New York: Haworth Clinical Practice Press.
  • Lombardi, E. L., Wilchins, R. A., Priesing, D., Sc Malouf, D. (2001). Gender violence: Transgender experiences with violence and discrimination. Journal of Homosexuality, 42(1), 89-101.
  • Lorand, R. (2000), Aesthetic Order: A Philosophy of order, Beauty and Art, London & New York: Routledge.Meyerowitz, Joanne.
  • Lawrence, E M. (1999). Punishing hate: Bias crimes under American law. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Moran, L. J., Sc Sharpe, A. N. (2001). Policing the transgender/violence relation. Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 13(3), 269-285.
  • Moran, L. J., Sc Sharpe, A. N. (2004). Violence, identity, and policing: The case of violence against transgender people. Criminal Justice, 4(2), 395-417.
  • Nelson, E., Sc Krieger, S. (1997). Changes in attitudes toward homosexuality in college students: Implementation of a gay men and lesbian peer panel. Journal of Homosexuality, 33(2), 63-81.
  • Roy, A. (2017). The Ministry of Utmost Happiness, Penguin Random House Publishers: UK.
  • Rickman, J. (2003),
  • Saluja, N., & Karan. K. (2016). Portrayal of Body Image through Media and Its Implications, Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, 2(10): 859- 865.
  • Sheridan, V. (2009). The Complete Guide to Transgender in the workplace, Bcoclio Press: Santa Barbara, Oxford, England.
  • Stryker, S., & Whittle, S. (2006). The Transgender Studies Reader, Taylor and Francis Group, Routledge: New York & London
  • Whittle, S. (2002). Respect and Equality: Transsexual and Transgender Rights, Cavendish Publishing Limited, The Glass House: London, United Kingdom.

Cite this article

    APA : Zainab, N., Jadoon, A., & Saeed, A. (2018). On Being Ugly: An Analysis of Arundhati Roy's Beauty Norms in The Ministry of Utmost Happiness. Global Language Review, III(I), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).01
    CHICAGO : Zainab, Noreen, Aisha Jadoon, and Amna Saeed. 2018. "On Being Ugly: An Analysis of Arundhati Roy's Beauty Norms in The Ministry of Utmost Happiness." Global Language Review, III (I): 1-16 doi: 10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).01
    HARVARD : ZAINAB, N., JADOON, A. & SAEED, A. 2018. On Being Ugly: An Analysis of Arundhati Roy's Beauty Norms in The Ministry of Utmost Happiness. Global Language Review, III, 1-16.
    MHRA : Zainab, Noreen, Aisha Jadoon, and Amna Saeed. 2018. "On Being Ugly: An Analysis of Arundhati Roy's Beauty Norms in The Ministry of Utmost Happiness." Global Language Review, III: 1-16
    MLA : Zainab, Noreen, Aisha Jadoon, and Amna Saeed. "On Being Ugly: An Analysis of Arundhati Roy's Beauty Norms in The Ministry of Utmost Happiness." Global Language Review, III.I (2018): 1-16 Print.
    OXFORD : Zainab, Noreen, Jadoon, Aisha, and Saeed, Amna (2018), "On Being Ugly: An Analysis of Arundhati Roy's Beauty Norms in The Ministry of Utmost Happiness", Global Language Review, III (I), 1-16
    TURABIAN : Zainab, Noreen, Aisha Jadoon, and Amna Saeed. "On Being Ugly: An Analysis of Arundhati Roy's Beauty Norms in The Ministry of Utmost Happiness." Global Language Review III, no. I (2018): 1-16. https://doi.org/10.31703/glr.2018(III-I).01